Modifier

Modifier

# What is modifier?

Ans: ‡h Word ev phrase Noun Gi c~‡e© A_ev c‡i ewmqv D³ Noun †K modify K‡i (D³ Noun  m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i) Zv‡K Modifier e‡j|

Note: Modifier g~jZt Sentence Gi g‡a¨ adjective Gi KvR K‡i|  

Ex (i) He is an honest man

(ii) The girl playing in the field is strong. 

Dc‡ii (i) bs Sentences G “honest” adjective wU noun wUi c~‡e© e‡m Zvi m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kwiqv‡Q | ZvB ÒhonestÓ D³ sentence Gi Modifier.

(ii) bs Sentence- “playing in the field” phrase wU “boy” Noun wUi c‡i e‡m D³ Noun m¤ú‡K© AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kwiqv‡Q| ZvB “playing in the field” phrase wU nq sentence Gi modifier.

* Modefier `yB cÖKvit

1. Pre- modifier

2. Post- modifier

Note: (i) Determiners, Adjective I Noun adjective Modifier Gi KvR K‡i|

(ii) Modifier me mgq Noun phrase Gi head word Gi  c~‡e© ev c‡i e‡m |

(iii) A‡bK mgq Advervial phrase Gi Modifier _v‡K|

(i) What is premodifier?

Ans: Pre k‡ãi A_© c~‡e© †h Modifier Noun ev Noun phrase Gi c~‡e© e‡m Zv‡K modify K‡i Zv‡K premidifier e‡j |

Note: Premdefier Noun phrase Gi head word Gi c~‡e© Ges  Determiner Gi c‡i e‡m|

What is  determiner?

Ans:- ‡h kã mg~n †Kv‡bv Noun Gi msL¨v ev cwigvb ev wbw`©óZv cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡K Determiner  e‡j|

What is Noun phrase?

Ans: ‡h phrase mg~n Noun †_‡K MwVZ nq Zv‡K Noun phrase e‡j|

Different types of premodifier

(i) Noun as premodifier: Sentence G A‡bK mgq Noun I Noun †K Modify K‡i| †`‡L‡Z n‡e †h Sentence G `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk ewmqv cÖ_g Noun wU wØZxq Noun wU‡K  modify Ki‡j Zv n‡e cÖ_g  Noun wU Adjective iƒ‡c premodifien .

Ex:

(ii) Noun adjective as premodifier: GLv‡b GKwU  Simple sentence G `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m Ges cÖ_g Noun wUi c~‡e© GKwU  adjective _v‡K|  

Ex: She brought a big river fish.

Explanation: Avgiv Dc‡ii  Sentence wU‡Z ‡`Lv‡Z cvw”Q river Ges  fish `ywU  Noun cvkvcvwk e‡m‡Q| ZvB cÖ_g Noun wUi c~‡e© big adjective wU e‡m‡Q| ZvB river- GLv‡b Noun Adjective- wU fish Noun wUi premodifier  .

(iii) Adjective as Premodifier : Avgv‡`i g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, adjective Noun ev Noun phrase  Gi c~‡e© ewmqv premodifire Gi KvR K‡i|

Note: G `i‡bi e¨env‡ii adjective †K Attributive use e‡j|

* Whate is attributive?

Ans: †Kvb adjective noun Gi c~‡e© ewmqv hLb H Noun wU‡K cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e quality K‡i Zv‡K attributive e‡j|

Ex:- Roni is a brilliant student.

Exlanation: Dc‡ii Sentence wU‡Z brilliant adjective- wU student Noun wU‡K cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e quality K‡i‡Q| ZvB GwU premodifier Gi KvR K‡i‡Q|  

What is pasticiple ?

Ans:- Sentence G hw`  Verb Gi mwnZ ing †hvM Kwiqv verb+Adjective Gi KvR GK m‡½ K‡i Zv‡K  participle e‡j|  

Ex: I saw him reading a novel

(iv) Participle as premodifier: Avgiv Rvwb †h Participle mgq adjective Gi KvR K‡i| wKš‘ adjective me©`v Noun †K modify K‡i| ZvB participle hLb Noun Gi c~‡e© ewmqv D³ Noun †K modify K‡i ZLb †mUv‡K premodifier e‡j|

(i) Present Particilple as pre-modifier (Verb Gi present form Gi mv‡_ ing)

EX:

(ii) Past participle as pre-modifier ( g~j verb Gi past participle form)

Ex: She has married a decayed man.

(v) Determiners as pre-modifiers: Determiners nj (i) Article: a, an, the Ges Demonstrative pronoun, this, that, these, those. G¸‡jv pre-modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|

Ex: He saw a bird.

I took this per yesterday

(vi) Quantifers are pre-modifiers: Quantifiers ej‡Z one, two, three, four five......., Some, much, many, several, a lot, a little BZ¨vw` pre-modifier wnmv‡e e¨eüZ nq|

Ex: the pot has much water.

Moni has brought three books from library. 

(vii) Possessive as pre-modifier : Avgiv Rvwb Possessive nj (my, our, their, her, your, his) G¸‡jv Noun Gi c~‡e© e‡m pre-modifier Gi KvR K‡i|

Ex: My brother has come from Dhaka.

(x) Adverb as premodifier: KZ¸‡jv adverbial word-subject Gi c~‡e© ewmqv premodifier  Gi KvR K‡i|

Ex:- He always comes here.

(xi) Compounds as premodifier: A‡bK mgq Compounds hy³ word ¸‡jv compounds premodifier Gi KvR K‡i|

Ex: It is a back- dated cake 

About post Modifier

(i) Appositive as post modifier: Avgiv Appositive ej‡Z eywS †h, hLb `ywU Noun cvkvcvwk ewmqv hw` GKB e¨w³ ev e¯‘‡K eySvq ZLb wØZxq Noun wU‡K cÖ_g Noun- wUi Appositive ejv nq| G‡ÿ‡Î wØZxq Noun-wU hLb cÖ_g Noun wUi m¤ú‡K©  AwZwi³ Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i ZLb †hUv  Post modifier wnmv‡e KvR K‡i|  

Mrx. Azman  Laila, principal of our college, is a good administration

(ii) Infinitive phrase as post modifier:  To+verb Gi present form Gi c‡i AwZwi³ word ewm‡q Infinitive phrase MwVZ n‡i †hUv n‡e Infinitive post modifier wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|

What is infinitive Ans: Present verb Gi eZ©gvb Kv‡ji c~‡e© to Ges Subject Gi m‡½ hy³ bv nBqv ïay wµqvi fve eySvq Zv‡K  Infemitive e‡j| 

Ex:- Hedrew a picture to hang on the wall.

(iii) Present participle phrase as post Modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq:

Ex: I saw the girl reading a novel

(iii) Past participle phrase as post Modifier  wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|

Ex:  The phone made in China is very good.

(iv) Prepositional phrase as Post modifier  wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|

Ex: The flower on the table is very attractive.

(v) Adjective as post Modifier: Avgiv Rvwb Adjective †h Noun †K Modify Ki‡e mvavibZ Zvi c~‡e© em‡e|

Note (i) Participle hLb Noun Gi c‡i e‡m H Noun †K modify K‡i ZLb Zv post modefier

(ii) wKQz wKQz  Noun ev pronoun Av‡Q †hgb (Anyone, Every one, Some thing) Gi c‡i ewmqv H   Noun ev pronoun wU‡K modify K‡i ZLb post- modifier

Ex: (i) Is everyone in terest in drowing?

(ii) All the students pressnt in the class were reading the lessons. \

(xi) Adverb as post Modifier wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq|

Ex:

(v) Relative clouse as Post Modifier: Avgiv Rvwb †h,  Relative clouse me©`v  Noun Gi c‡i e‡m Ges D³  Noun †K Modify Ki‡j Zv  post-Modifier

Ex: The girl who passed in the exam is intellegent.